The schema concept used in Schema Therapy was developed by Jeffrey Young in the early period, and the Schema Therapy model focuses on the discovery and change of the reflections of early experiences in adulthood. The approach, which set out with the target of difficult cases resistant to change or the field of personality disorders, has started to be applied in other psychological problem areas, in different problems such as individual, group and couple therapies. Research over the past decade has begun to provide remarkable evidence for the effectiveness of the approach.

Schemas are necessary structures for the survival of the organism. Therefore, functional schemas have some behaviors that continue to exist. Questioning the accuracy of a single schema affects the entire system, even if it has discordant consequences with the environment. Therefore, in situations that threaten the validity of the schema, the schema takes various actions to protect itself.

used as an abbreviation instead of the concept of maladaptive schema. Schema therapy deals with the negative, maladaptive schemas we develop about ourselves, other people, and the world.

Schema therapy is an integrative theory and therapy approach that combines cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, and experiential techniques, designed for difficult-to-modify psychological disorders with clear origins in childhood and adolescence (such as borderline personality disorder).

COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a contemporary psychotherapy that has been developed based on scientific findings in psychology and psychopathology (mental disorders), and has emerged with the application of scientific principles to the field of psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is the general name given to the technique of solving mental illness or problems through verbal interaction (interviews). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy relies on the data of psychology while explaining and investigating the causes of mental disorders. The verbal and behavioral methods used in the solution of these disorders are also based on these scientific principles and learning theories.

The treatment practices of cognitive therapy, which differs from other psychotherapies in terms of its basis, are structured in terms of process and content. It primarily focuses on the current problems of the person, is more limited in time, and is more problem-solving. Cognitive Behavioral therapy not only solves the current problems of the applicants, but also teaches a specific set of skills that they can use to solve their problems throughout their lives. These skills are detecting distorted thoughts, changing beliefs, establishing new relationships with the environment, and behavior change.

The therapist and the client give together how long the therapy will take, aside from some practical imperatives (such as the possibility of coming to therapy for a certain period of time). Usually, after 2-3 sessions, the therapist has a rough idea of ​​how long it will take to reach the goals set in the first sessions. For some clients, a very short period of time such as 6-10 interviews may be sufficient. Some clients with longer-term problems may choose to stay in therapy for months or even more than a year. Initially, the client is interviewed once a week unless there is a severe crisis situation. As soon as the person starts to feel better, the intervals of the sessions begin to increase, and the meetings are gradually sparse, first every 15 days and then every three weeks. This gives you the chance to practice the skills learned while in therapy in daily life. A strengthening session is held 3, 6, and 12 months after therapy ends.

The use of cognitive behavioral therapy in children and adolescents has also yielded very good results. It is commonly used for the treatment of symptoms associated with depression, anxiety disorders, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, enuresis nocturna, trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Cognitive behavioral therapy can be combined with drug therapy. If he thinks that medication should be used, your therapist will tell you about this situation and will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the situation with you. Many conditions can be treated without the use of any medication, or there may be problems that can only go away with the use of medication. In cases where both types of treatment are effective, the choice depends on the person who comes to the consultation. Some conditions generally respond better to the combined use of the two treatments.

There is scientific data showing the effectiveness of this type of therapy. These data have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in the treatment of the following common psychiatric disorders, and cognitive behavioral therapy has been included as an effective treatment method in many guidelines on the treatment of these disorders:

anxiety disorders

Obsessive compulsive disorder

panic disorder

hypochondriasis

post traumatic stress disorder

generalized anxiety disorder

Depression

sexual dysfunctions

couple treatments and family tera